Ecosystem-based adaptation is a research concept, academic field, and methodological approach focused on utilizing biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall strategy to help people and systems adapt to the adverse effects of climate change. It investigates the role of healthy ecosystems and their functions, such as coastal wetlands protecting against storm surges or forests regulating water flow, in reducing social and environmental vulnerability to climate impacts, emphasizing nature-based solutions that generate ecological, social, and economic co-benefits. Its significance lies in providing potentially cost-effective, sustainable, and integrated pathways for building resilience, complementing engineered approaches, and contributing simultaneously to climate change adaptation and biodiversity conservation goals.